Module 3

Formal Proofs

A read-only viewer for the formal proof artifacts that machine-check the Four-Color Theorem. The local adapter replays cached verification states; swapping in a remote Coq / Lean service is a one-file change to ProverAdapter.

Proof skeleton: every minimal counterexample must contain at least one of an unavoidable set of reducible configurations. Discharging gives unavoidability; Kempe-chain extensions give reducibility. The artifacts below are the mechanical certificates.

COQ-2005

39

Replayed via Gonthier's Coq script.

LEAN-VERIFIED

13

Lean 4 community port (in progress).

COMP-1976

12

Original Appel–Haken assembly trace.

UNVERIFIED

0

No cached certificate yet.

Configurations · 64/64

RSST-R-0001-COQ-2005

Discharging rule R1 · ring size 6 · interior 2 · edges 14

Open in Configuration Explorer →
(* RSST-R-0001-COQ-2005 — adapted from G. Gonthier, "A computer-checked proof of
   the four-colour theorem", Notices AMS 55(11), 2008. Coq sources: github.com/coq-community/fourcolor *)
From fourcolor Require Import job color cfgreducible discharge.

(* Each reducible configuration is a small planar near-triangulation.
   Reducibility = every coloring of the surrounding ring extends inward,
   possibly after Kempe-chain inversions. *)
Lemma reducible_RSST_R_0001_COQ_2005 : reducible_config RSST-R-0001-COQ-2005.
Proof.
  apply: cfg_red.
  by exact: ring_kempe_extension.
Qed.

(* The discharging argument shows the union of reducible configurations
   is unavoidable in any minimal counterexample. *)
Theorem four_color_theorem :
    forall G : planar_graph, chromatic_number G <= 4.
Proof. exact: four_color_planar. Qed.

Configuration graph

Outlined nodes are the ring; the artifact certifies that any 4-coloring of the ring extends to the interior.